Introduction to C#

Module Overview
C# (pronounced “C-sharp”) is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft as part of its .NET framework in the early 2000s. It is designed for building a wide range of applications, including desktop applications, web applications, games, and mobile apps.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

  • • Understand the Basics of C#
  • • Write Basic C# Programs
  • • Control Program Flow
  • • Work with Functions / Methods
  • • Apply Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
  • • Handle Data Collections
  • • Debug and Test Code
  • • Develop Simple Applications

    • Unit 1: Understanding the Web and C#

    C# (C-Sharp) is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft. When it comes to web development, C# is primarily used for server-side programming, meaning it runs on a web server to process requests, manage data, and generate dynamic content.

    KEY TERMS

  • • C# (C-Sharp) – A modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft for building web, desktop, mobile, and game applications.
  • • Variable – A container used to store data that can change during program execution.
  • • Data Types – Specifies the type of data a variable can hold:
    int → integer numbers
    float → decimal numbers
    double → double-precision decimal numbers
    char → single character
    string → sequence of characters
    bool → true or false
  • • Constant – A value that cannot change after declaration.
  • • Operator – Symbols used to perform operations on variables or values, e.g., +, -, *, /, %, ==.
  • • Method / Function – A block of code that performs a specific task.
  • • Loop – Repeats a block of code multiple times: for, while, do-while.
  • • Conditional Statement –Executes code based on conditions: if, else if, else, switch.
  • • Class – Blueprint for creating objects. Contains attributes (fields) and methods.
  • • Object – An instance of a class.
  • • Namespace – A container that holds classes and prevents naming conflicts.
  • • Console – A class used for input/output operations in a console application.
  • • Array – A collection of elements of the same type stored in a single variable.
  • • Property – A member of a class that provides controlled access to fields.
  • • Constructor – A special method used to initialize objects when they are created.
  • • Exception / Error Handling –Mechanism to handle runtime errors using try, catch, and finally.
  • • Static – A keyword to declare members that belong to the class rather than an object.
  • • Interface – Defines a contract that classes can implement.
  • • Inheritance – Allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class.
  • • Encapsulation – Restricting access to class members using access modifiers (private, public, protected).

    • Unit 2: C# Document Structure

    C# program is typically saved with a .cs file extension and follows a structured format. Understanding this structure helps in writing organized and maintainable code.

    CORE STRUCTURE COMPONENTS

  • • Namespace
  • • Class
  • • Main Method
  • • Variables and Constants
  • • Statements and Expressions
  • • Methods / Functions
  • • Conditional Statements
  • • Loops
  • • Comments

    • Unit 3: Text and Content Elements

    In C#, text and content elements are mainly used to display information to users, receive input, and manipulate text. These are essential for creating interactive programs and applications.

    COMMON TEXT ELEMENTS

  • • Comments in C#
  • • Text Elements in C#
  • • Content Elements in C#

    • hover any card → interactive glow, shift, and icons respond

    interactive ✦